Ecological philosophy of Martin Heidegger

"Martin Heidegger's homeland - Germany with its' language; Heidegger's homeland - forest. He feels like home there - in the untrodden, forest trails. His brother - tree '.- Ernst Jünger

Martin Heidegger made a great contribution to ecophilosophers. Firstly, he has carried out a serious critical analysis of the development of Western philosophy, starting with Plato, and filed it a reasonable charge. He came to the conclusion that anthropocentric worldview paved the way for the technocratic mentality that produced dominion over Nature. Genesis - the key ontological concept of Heidegger - it was constrained by the narrow limits of the Christian trails or secular, humanitarian, technological philosophy of the West. Secondly, Heidegger invited its readers to the "dangerous field of thought." According to Heidegger, thinking is closer to Taoist meditation process than to the Western analytical thinking. Thirdly, Heidegger called us to live authentically on this Earth, which coincides with our appeal to dwell in our bioregion, listening to a number of occurring natural processes.

In the era of industrialization and mass society, total domination of technology and nihilism, in a word, "put" (Gestell) Heidegger managed to find a place from which the world reveals - not the "other", "better" or "more quiet", but the world as a unified "Tetraktys" (Geviert) of heaven and earth, the mortal and the divine. A world that is not to be subject as an object, not available for the imperious gesture of the manager and not enmeshed in the transport and communication networks; he tacitly responses to conceptualized thinking (Besinnung), manifests itself in the poetic speech (Dichtung) and nourishes rooted living man in it. Being and the meaning of life - philosophical words used as an emphasis of the openness of the world. The world does not have an abstract space, a receptacle, where the meaningless things piled up. Peace - white light, open space, where close and remote, - lets things be what they are, pushing the space of things and events.

Vincent Vaysinas briefly translated the meaning of the concepts of "live, dwell," according to Heidegger:
"Inhabit - does not mean primarily inhabit a certain place; it means to take care of it so something within it will return to you, and will prosper. Inhabit, to live - it is first and foremost to save, in the old sense of the word, that is to release anything, allowing him to be himself, for what it is in its essence ... inhabit - is to take care of things, so that they there and return to their own original state ... ".

Heidegger called on its readers to retreat, "to overturn" our usual analytical thinking and use the power of our intuition. Stepping back, we will perhaps open the way for the release of Genesis. Heidegger drew intellectual inspiration from the pre-Socratic philosophers, who, he believed, were closer to the primitive mind, and nature with which he directly communicated, walking in the fields and woods near his home. It seems that he had great difficulty trying to explain to rational philosophers and Christian theologists his approach to thinking. Modern ecophilosophers face the same problem, being limited only by the concepts and language of the western philosophical tradition. By the end of his life, Heidegger realized that the voice of poetry more clearly expresses intuition than formal philosophy. He came to the biocentric position where people are "allowed to live life."

Heidegger agreed with many of the challenges of the new environmental awareness, including a desire to stop the senseless waste of nature for the sake of profit. But he was more radical than most environmental thinkers who continued to look at the person as a "landlord" of nature, in the sense of "right" to manipulate nature, if it does not cause it at the same time too much damage. However, they still do not see that the most important threat to the technological worldview is not physical, but spiritual.

Interesting note for herself made a well-known American ecoactivist Dolores LaChapelle, on the basis of Heidegger's philosophy - this is how she describes her skiing:

"Long before I heard about Martin Heidegger... I went through what he calls the "dance of initiation", the four sides of the relationship: the earth, the sky, in my world of gods and mortal men skiing on virgin snow - one of the few subcultures in modern industrial society, is still open for all the four components of a single... in the true "world" mortals dwell in unity, not only with the sky, the earth and the gods; mortals are also in unity with each other. Freedom, grace and joy of unity in the "world" of virgin snow are a gift of heaven: untouched snow. As a reaction to the force of gravity - easy descent from the mountain - on slopes and land forms automatically paving "the road", which you need to follow."

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Ecological philosophy of Martin Heidegger